ref: deed5b1b9f41ae8d4bf307544f1ab78a454d1f7d
parent: 56bcf3d22d5eda0971a9cdf81167dfebdd315b1e
author: rodri <rgl@antares-labs.eu>
date: Fri Mar 7 19:05:39 EST 2025
doc: add more content and improve some other. fix references.
--- a/doc/libgraphics.ms
+++ b/doc/libgraphics.ms
@@ -13,14 +13,12 @@
rgl@antares-labs.eu
.AB
.I Libgraphics
-is a 3D computer graphics library that provides a way to set up a
-scene, fill it up with a bunch of models (with their own meshes and
-materials), lights and cameras, and start taking pictures at the user
-request. It implements a fully concurrent retained mode software
-renderer, with support for vertex and fragment/pixel shaders written
-in C (not GPU ones, at least for now), and featuring a z-buffer, front- and
-back-face culling, textures and skyboxes, directional and punctual
-lights, tangent-space normal mapping, among other things.
+is a 3D computer graphics library for Plan 9. It implements a fully
+concurrent retained mode software renderer for polygon rasterization,
+and supports vertex and pixel shaders written in C (not GPU ones, at
+least for now[1]), a z-buffer, front- and back-face culling,
+textures, skyboxes, and directional and punctual lights, among other
+things.
.AE
.SH
Introduction
@@ -36,10 +34,13 @@
char *name;
Entity ents;
ulong nents;
+ LightSource lights;
+ ulong nlights;
Cubemap *skybox;
void (*addent)(Scene*, Entity*);
void (*delent)(Scene*, Entity*);
+ Entity *(*getent)(Scene*, char*);
};
.P2
.PP
@@ -46,14 +47,8 @@
A
.I scene
is a container, represented as a graph, that hosts the entities that
-make up the world. Each of these entities has a model made out of a
-series of meshes, which in turn are made out of geometric primitives
-(only
-.I points ,
-.I lines
-and
-.I triangles
-are supported.) Each model also stores a list of materials.
+make up the world, as well as properties of it such as lighting and the
+skybox.
.PP
.KS
.PS
@@ -62,16 +57,37 @@
boxht = 0.2
linewid = 0.1
lineht = 0.2
-box "Scene"
-down; line from last box.s; right; line
-box "Entity"
-down; line from last box.s; right; line
+movewid = 0.1
+moveht = 0.2
+ellipsewid = 0.5
+ellipseht = 0.25
+ellipse "Scene"
+down; line from last ellipse.s; line
+left; line
+box "Light 0"
+left; line dashed
+box dashed "Light 1"
+left; line dashed
+box dashed "..."
+lineht = 0.12
+right; line from 3rd last box.e; down; line; line
+left; line
+box "Skybox"
+lineht = 0.2
+move to last ellipse.s; down; move; right; line
+box "Entity 0"
+right; line dashed
+box dashed "Entity 1"
+right; line dashed
+box dashed "..."
+down; line from 3rd last box.s; right; line
box "Model"
down; line from last box.s; right; line
-box dashed "Mesh"
+box dotted "Mesh"
down; line from last box.s; right; line
box "Primitive"
down
+lineht = 0.12
line from 2nd last line.s; line; right; line
box "Material"
reset
@@ -94,7 +110,10 @@
.P2
.PP
.I Entities
-represent physical objects in the scene.
+represent visible physical objects in the scene. Each of these
+entities has a frame of reference to locate and orient it in the
+world, a unique name and a localized model that encodes its physical
+properties.
.NH 2
Models
.PP
@@ -105,10 +124,23 @@
ulong nprims;
Material *materials;
ulong nmaterials;
+
+ int (*addprim)(Model*, Primitive);
+ int (*addmaterial)(Model*, Material);
};
.P2
+.PP
+A model contains the geometric and material properties of an
+.I Entity .
+The geometry is encoded as a list of primitives, which in turn refer
+to any out of a list of materials that encode the visual parameters
+that determine its appearance.
.NH 2
Meshes
+.PP
+Meshes are not implemented yet, but the idea is for them to provide a
+hierarchy of primitives with which to apply optimizations (for
+storage, visibility determination, maybe others.)
.NH 2
Primitives
.PP
@@ -118,9 +150,13 @@
int type;
Vertex v[3];
Material *mtl;
- Point3 tangent; /* used for normal mapping */
+ Point3 tangent;
};
.P2
+.PP
+Primitives are geometric building blocks, namely points, lines and
+triangles. The tangent is used in triangles for warp-safe normal
+mapping.
.NH 2
Materials
.PP
@@ -133,9 +169,12 @@
Color specular;
double shininess;
Texture *diffusemap;
+ Texture *specularmap;
Texture *normalmap;
};
.P2
+.PP
+A material defines the optical characteristics of a surface.
.NH
Cameras
.PP
@@ -169,8 +208,8 @@
model, which means that the user won't get a picture until the entire
scene has been rendered. Thanks to this we can apply optimizations to
make better use of the pipeline, clear and swap the framebuffers,
-and—in the future—run distributed rendering jobs, all without their
-intervention; they only need to concern themselves with shooting and
+and—in the future—run distributed rendering jobs, all without any
+intervention; users only need to concern themselves with shooting and
“developing” a camera.
.LP
It's implemented as a tree of concurrent processes connected by buffered
@@ -242,7 +281,7 @@
camera and a shader table. It walks the scene and sends each
.CW Entity
individually to the
-entityproc.
+.B entityproc .
.NH 2
entityproc
.PP
@@ -249,7 +288,8 @@
The
.B entityproc
receives an entity and splits its geometry equitatively among the
-tilers, sending a batch for each of them to process.
+.B tiler s,
+sending a batch for each of them to process.
.NH 2
tilers
.PP
@@ -267,7 +307,9 @@
coordinates. Following this step, they build a bounding box, used to
allocate each primitive into a rasterization bucket, or
.B tile ,
-managed by one of the rasterizers; as illustrated in
+managed by one of the
+.B rasterizer s;
+as illustrated in
.B "Figure 4" .
If it spans multiple tiles, it will be copied and sent to each of
them.
@@ -407,7 +449,7 @@
of pixel art filters
.I Scale[234]x ,
used for 2x2, 3x3 and 4x4 scaling
-.I [SCALE2x] . respectively
+.I [2] . respectively
Users control it with calls to the viewport's
.CW setscale
and
@@ -435,58 +477,61 @@
.SH
References
.PP
+.PP
.IP [1]
-https://www.scale2x.it/
+https://shithub.us/sirjofri/gpufs/HEAD/info.html
.IP [2]
+https://www.scale2x.it/
+.IP [3]
Thomas W. Crockett,
“Design Considerations for Parallel Graphics Libraries”,
.I
NASA Langley Research Center, Contract Nos. NAS1-18605 and NAS1-19480, June 1994
-.IP [3]
+.IP [4]
Thomas W. Crockett,
“Parallel Rendering”,
.I
NASA Langley Research Center, Contract No. NAS1-19480, April 1995
-.IP [4]
+.IP [5]
Thomas W. Crockett,
“Beyond the Renderer: Software Architecture for Parallel Graphics and Visualization”,
.I
NASA Langley Research Center, Contract No. NAS1-19480, December 1996
-.IP [5]
+.IP [6]
Tomas Akenine-Möller et al,
“Real-Time Rendering”,
.I
4th edition, Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2018
-.IP [6]
+.IP [7]
James F. Blinn, Martin E. Newell,
“Clipping Using Homogeneous Coordinates”,
.I
SIGGRAPH '78: Proceedings, August 1978, pp. 245-251
-.IP [7]
-“GPU Gems” series
.IP [8]
-“Graphics Gems” series
+“GPU Gems” series
.IP [9]
+“Graphics Gems” series
+.IP [10]
Ian Stephenson,
“Production Rendering: Design and Implementation”,
.I
Springer, 2005
-.IP [10]
+.IP [11]
Paul S. Heckbert,
“Survey of Texture Mapping”,
.I
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Nov. 1986, pp. 56-67
-.IP [11]
+.IP [12]
Paul S. Heckbert,
“Fundamentals of Texture Mapping and Image Warping”,
.I
University of California, Berkeley, Technical Report No. UCB/CSD-89-516, June 1989
-.IP [12]
+.IP [13]
Robert L. Cook, Loren Carpenter, Edwin Catmull
“The REYES Image Rendering Architecture”,
.I
ACM Transactions on Computer Graphics, Vol. 21, No. 4, July 1987
-.IP [13]
+.IP [14]
Bruce J. Lindbloom,
“Accurate Color Reproduction for Computer Graphics Applications”,
.I
binary files a/doc/libgraphics.pdf b/doc/libgraphics.pdf differ
--- a/doc/libgraphics.ps
+++ b/doc/libgraphics.ps
@@ -626,175 +626,268 @@
(ABSTRACT) 2626 2030 w
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cleartomark
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9 /LucidaTypewriter f
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10 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
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@@ -955,200 +1101,215 @@
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(*diffusemap;) 1960 1600 w
(Texture) 1440 1710 w
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@@ -1381,25 +1542,27 @@
(a) 4598 3540 w
(camera) 4689 3540 w
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10 /LucidaTypewriter f
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10 /LucidaSans-Demi f
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10 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
@@ -1417,8 +1580,11 @@
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(among) 4504 4176 w
(the) 4885 4176 w
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10 /LucidaSans-Demi f
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(tilers) 962 4536 w
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@@ -1521,27 +1687,30 @@
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10 /LucidaSans-Demi f
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@@ -2033,7 +2202,7 @@
(Figure 4) 2073 7032 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
(: Raster task scheduling.) 2495 7032 w
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@@ -2171,34 +2340,35 @@
(Scale[234]x) 720 3240 w
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10 /LucidaSans-Italic f
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1836 5034 1836 3594 Dl
1836 3594 3996 3594 Dl
3996 3594 3996 5034 Dl
@@ -2244,125 +2414,124 @@
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@@ -2373,139 +2542,142 @@
7 pagesetup
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