ref: 9ca327dd06c30341d984bff84727ea451b428db7
dir: /man/9/entry/
.TH ENTRY 9 .SH NAME entry \- Create and manipulate entry widgets .SH SYNOPSIS \f5entry\fI \fIpathName \fR?\fIoptions\fR? .SH STANDARD OPTIONS .EX -background -highlightcolor -selectbackground -borderwidth -highlightthickness -selectforeground -font -justify -takefocus -foreground -relief -xscrollcommand .EE .SH "WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS" .TP .B -show \fIstring\fP If this option is specified, then the true contents of the entry are not displayed in the window. Instead, each character in the entry's value will be displayed as the first character in the value of this option, such as ``*''. This is useful, for example, if the entry is to be used to enter a password. .TP .B -state \fIstate\fP Specifies one of two states for the entry: \f5normal\fR or \f5disabled\fR. If the entry is disabled then the value may not be changed using widget commands and no insertion cursor will be displayed, even if the input focus is in the widget. .TP .B -width \fIdist\fP Specifies an integer value indicating the desired width of the entry window. .SH DESCRIPTION The \f5entry\fR command creates a new window (given by the \fIpathName\fR argument) and makes it into an entry widget. Additional options, described above, may be specified on the command line to configure aspects of the entry such as its colours, font, and relief. The \f5entry\fR command returns its \fIpathName\fR argument. At the time this command is invoked, there must not exist a window named \fIpathName\fR. .PP An entry is a widget that displays a one-line text string and allows that string to be edited using widget commands described below, which are typically bound to keystrokes and mouse actions. When first created, an entry's string is empty. A portion of the entry may be selected as described below. Entries observe the standard Tk rules for dealing with the input focus. When an entry has the input focus it displays an \fIinsertion cursor\fR to indicate where new characters will be inserted. .PP Entries are capable of displaying strings that are too long to fit entirely within the widget's window. In this case, only a portion of the string will be displayed; commands described below may be used to change the view in the window. Entries use the standard \f5xscrollcommand\fR mechanism for interacting with scrollbars (see the description of the \f5xscrollcommand\fR option for details). .SH "WIDGET COMMAND" The \f5entry\fR command creates a new Tk command whose name is \fIpathName\fR. This command may be used to invoke various operations on the widget. It has the following general form: .RS .EX \fIpathName option \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR? .EE .RE \fIOption\fR and the \fIarg\fRs determine the exact behaviour of the command. .PP Many of the widget commands for entries take one or more indices as arguments. An index specifies a particular character in the entry's string, in any of the following ways: .TP 12 \fInumber\fR Specifies the character as a numerical index, where 0 corresponds to the first character in the string. .TP 12 \f5anchor\fR Indicates the anchor point for the selection, which is set with the \f5select from\fR and \f5select adjust\fR widget commands. .TP 12 \f5end\fR Indicates the character just after the last one in the entry's string. This is equivalent to specifying a numerical index equal to the length of the entry's string. .TP 12 \f5insert\fR Indicates the character adjacent to and immediately following the insertion cursor. .TP 12 \f5sel.first\fR Indicates the first character in the selection. It is an error to use this form if the selection isn't in the entry window. .TP 12 \f5sel.last\fR Indicates the character just after the last one in the selection. It is an error to use this form if the selection isn't in the entry window. .TP 12 \f5@\fInumber\fR In this form, \fInumber\fR is treated as an x-coordinate in the entry's window; the character spanning that x-coordinate is used. For example, ``\f5@0\fR'' indicates the left-most character in the window. .PP The following commands are possible for entry widgets: .TP \fIpathName \f5bbox \fIindex\fR Returns a list of four numbers describing the bounding box of the character given by \fIindex\fR. The first two elements of the list give the x and y coordinates of the upper-left corner of the screen area covered by the character (in pixels relative to the widget) and the last two elements give the width and height of the character, in pixels. The bounding box may refer to a region outside the visible area of the window. .TP \fIpathName \f5cget\fR \fIoption\fR Returns the current value of the configuration option given by \fIoption\fR. \fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \f5entry\fR command. .TP \fIpathName \f5configure\fR ?\fIoption\fR? ?\fIvalue option value ...\fR? Query or modify the configuration options of the widget. If no \fIoption\fR is specified, returns a list of all of the available options for \fIpathName\fR. If one or more \fIoption-value\fR pairs are specified, then the command modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the command returns an empty string. \fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \f5entry\fR command. .TP \fIpathName \f5delete \fIfirst \fR?\fIlast\fR? Delete one or more elements of the entry. \fIFirst\fR is the index of the first character to delete, and \fIlast\fR is the index of the character just after the last one to delete. If \fIlast\fR isn't specified it defaults to \fIfirst\fR+1, i.e. a single character is deleted. This command returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5get\fR Returns the entry's string. .TP \fIpathName \f5icursor \fIindex\fR Arrange for the insertion cursor to be displayed just before the character given by \fIindex\fR. Returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5index\fI index\fR Returns the numerical index corresponding to \fIindex\fR. .TP \fIpathName \f5insert \fIindex string\fR Insert the characters of \fIstring\fR just before the character indicated by \fIindex\fR. Returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5see \fIindex\fR Adjusts the view in the window so that the character given by \fIindex\fR is completely visible. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection \fIoption arg\fR This command is used to adjust the selection within an entry. It has several forms, depending on \fIoption\fR: .RS .TP \fIpathName \f5selection adjust \fIindex\fR Locate the end of the selection nearest to the character given by \fIindex\fR, and adjust that end of the selection to be at \fIindex\fR (i.e including but not going beyond \fIindex\fR). The other end of the selection is made the anchor point for future \f5select to\fR commands. If the selection isn't currently in the entry, then a new selection is created to include the characters between \fIindex\fR and the most recent selection anchor point, inclusive. Returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection clear\fR Clear the selection if it is currently in this widget. If the selection isn't in this widget then the command has no effect. Returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection from \fIindex\fR Set the selection anchor point to just before the character given by \fIindex\fR. Doesn't change the selection. Returns an empty string. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection present\fR Returns 1 if there are characters selected in the entry, 0 if nothing is selected. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection range \fIstart\fR \fIend\fR Sets the selection to include the characters starting with the one indexed by \fIstart\fR and ending with the one just before \fIend\fR. If \fIend\fR refers to the same character as \fIstart\fR or an earlier one, then the entry's selection is cleared. .TP \fIpathName \f5selection to \fIindex\fR If \fIindex\fR is before the anchor point, set the selection to the characters from \fIindex\fR up to but not including the anchor point. If \fIindex\fR is the same as the anchor point, do nothing. If \fIindex\fR is after the anchor point, set the selection to the characters from the anchor point up to but not including \fIindex\fR. The anchor point is determined by the most recent \f5select from\fR or \f5select adjust\fR command in this widget. If the selection isn't in this widget then a new selection is created using the most recent anchor point specified for the widget. Returns an empty string. .RE .TP \fIpathName \f5xview \fIargs\fR This command is used to query and change the horizontal position of the text in the widget's window. It can take any of the following forms: .RS .TP \fIpathName \f5xview\fR Returns a list containing two elements. Each element is a real fraction between 0 and 1; together they describe the horizontal span that is visible in the window. For example, if the first element is .2 and the second element is .6, 20% of the entry's text is off-screen to the left, the middle 40% is visible in the window, and 40% of the text is off-screen to the right. These are the same values passed to scrollbars via the \f5-xscrollcommand\fR option. .TP \fIpathName \f5xview\fR \fIindex\fR Adjusts the view in the window so that the character given by \fIindex\fR is displayed at the left edge of the window. .TP \fIpathName \f5xview moveto\fI fraction\fR Adjusts the view in the window so that the character \fIfraction\fR of the way through the text appears at the left edge of the window. \fIFraction\fR must be a fraction between 0 and 1. .TP \fIpathName \f5xview scroll \fInumber what\fR This command shifts the view in the window left or right according to \fInumber\fR and \fIwhat\fR. \fINumber\fR must be an integer. \fIWhat\fR must be either \f5units\fR or \f5pages\fR. If \fIwhat\fR is \f5units\fR, the view adjusts left or right by \fInumber\fR average-width characters on the display; if it is \f5pages\fR then the view adjusts by \fInumber\fR screenfuls. If \fInumber\fR is negative then characters farther to the left become visible; if it is positive then characters farther to the right become visible. .RE .SH "DEFAULT BINDINGS" Tk automatically creates bindings for entries that give them the following default behaviour. In the descriptions below, ``word'' refers to a contiguous group of letters, digits, or ``_'' characters, or any single character other than these. .IP [1] Clicking mouse button 1 positions the insertion cursor just before the character underneath the mouse cursor, sets the input focus to this widget, and clears any selection in the widget. Dragging with mouse button 1 strokes out a selection between the insertion cursor and the character under the mouse. .IP [2] Double-clicking with mouse button 1 selects the word under the mouse and positions the insertion cursor at the beginning of the word. .IP [3] If any normal printing characters are typed in an entry, the current selection is deleted, and they are inserted at the point of the insertion cursor .IP [4] The view in the entry can be adjusted by dragging with mouse button 2. .IP [5] The Left and Right keys move the insertion cursor one character to the left or right; they also clear any selection in the entry and set the selection anchor. Control-b and Control-f behave the same as Left and Right, respectively. .IP [6] The Home key, or Control-a, will move the insertion cursor to the beginning of the entry and clear any selection in the entry. .IP [7] The End key, or Control-e, will move the insertion cursor to the end of the entry and clear any selection in the entry. .IP [8] Control-/ selects all the text in the entry. .IP [9] Control-\e clears any selection in the entry. .IP [10] The Delete key deletes the selection, if there is one in the entry. If there is no selection, it deletes the character to the right of the insertion cursor. .IP [11] The BackSpace key and Control-h delete the selection, if there is one in the entry. If there is no selection, it deletes the character to the left of the insertion cursor. .IP [12] Control-d deletes the character to the right of the insertion cursor. .IP [13] Control-k deletes all the characters to the right of the insertion cursor. .IP [14] Control-w deletes the word to the left of the insertion cursor. .PP If the entry is disabled using the \f5-state\fR option, then the entry's view can still be adjusted and text in the entry can still be selected, but no insertion cursor will be displayed and no text modifications will take place. .PP The behaviour of entries can be changed by defining new bindings for individual widgets. .SH SEE ALSO .IR options (9), .IR types (9)